Asser SSRN research paper series

Since 2016, the T.M.C. Asser Instituut has its own SSRN Research Paper Series. Asser Researchers regularly publish research papers and policy briefs on SSRN. Asser SSRN Papers 2016-2019 can be found here.

2026 Research Papers

• Kassoti, E.
  ‘International Law as a Political Question: The CJEU’s Deference to the Institutions on Questions of International Law’, Asser Research Paper 2026-01 (SSRN).

2025 Research Papers

• Stolk, S.
  ‘The Gamification of Counter-Terrorism Education in the Public Sphere’, Asser Research Paper 2025-08 (SSRN).
• Klonowska, K. and Woodcock, T.
  ‘Rhetoric and Regulation: The (Limits of) Human/AI Comparison in Legal Debates on Military AI’, Asser Research Paper 2025-07 (SSRN), forthcoming in: B. Boutin, T. K. Woodcock & S. Soltanzadeh (eds.), Decision at the Edge: Interdisciplinary Dilemmas in Military Artificial Intelligence, T.M.C. Asser Press (2025).
• Kwik, J.
  ‘Digital Yes-Men: How to Deal with Sycophantic Military AI?’, Asser Research Paper 2025-06 (SSRN), in: Global Policy, Vol. 16, Issue 3 (2025).
• Baumann, Z.
  ‘Community-Engagement in P/CVE: In the Interest of Communities?’, Asser Research Paper 2025-05 (SSRN), forthcoming in: R. van Ark, T. Gherbaoui, and J. P. Sexton (eds.), Countering Terrorism and Violent Extremism in the Public Interest, T.M.C. Asser Press/Springer.
• Siampakou, N.
  ‘Adopting Alternative Approaches to Countering Terrorism: The Transitional Justice Paradigm’, Asser Research Paper 2025-04 (SSRN), forthcoming in: R. van Ark, T. Gherbaoui, and J. P. Sexton (eds.), Countering Terrorism and Violent Extremism in the Public Interest, T.M.C. Asser Press/Springer.
• Kwik, J.
  ‘Iterative Assessment for Military Artificial Intelligence (AI) Systems’, Asser Research Paper 2025-03 (SSRN), forthcoming in: B. Boutin, T. Woodcock and S. Soltanzadeh (eds.), Decision at the Edge: Interdisciplinary Dilemmas in Military Artificial Intelligence, T.M.C. Asser Press (2025).
• Kassoti, E.
  ‘The EU and Questions of ‘Territory’ under Public International Law’, Asser Research Paper 2025-02 (SSRN), forthcoming in: L. Leontiev, A. Simonyan (eds.), Territory and Territoriality in Eurasia: Law and Geopolitics, Edward Elgar Publishing (2026).
• Triefus, S. and Velicu, I.
  ‘Polenta and Cyanide? Investment Arbitration as Prospective Environmental Injustice in Roșia Montană’, Asser Research Paper 2025-01 (SSRN), forthcoming in: R. Grosescu and J. G. Dale (eds.), Re-Envisioning Corporate Accountability for Human Rights Abuses: Civil Society and Transnational Action, Springer.

2024 Research Papers

• Kwik, J.
  ‘The Scope of an Autonomous Attack’, Asser Research Paper 2024-02 (SSRN).
• Kwik, J.
  ‘Is wearing these sunglasses an attack? Obligations under IHL related to anti-AI countermeasures’, Asser Research Paper 2024-01 (SSRN), forthcoming in: International Review of the Red Cross (2024).

2023 Research Papers

• Woodcock, T. 
  ‘Human/machine(-learning) interactions, human agency and the international humanitarian law proportionality standard’, Asser Research Paper 2023-05 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Global Society Special Issue “Algorithmic Warfare: Multidisciplinary Analyses”.
• Pacholska, M.
  ‘Many Hands in the Black Box: Artificial Intelligence and the Responsibility of International Organizations’, Asser Research Paper 2023-04 (SSRN), forthcoming in: R. Deplano, A. Berkes, R. Collins (eds.), Reassessing the Articles on the Responsibility of International Organizations: From Theory to Practice, Edward Elgar (2023).
• Gordon, G., Mignot-Mahdavi, R., and Van Den Meerssche, D.
  ‘The Critical Subject and The Subject of Critique in International Law and Technology’, Asser Research Paper 2023-03 (SSRN), forthcoming in: AJIL Unbound.
• Zurek, T., Mohajeri Parizi, M., Kwik, J., and van Engers, T.
  ‘Can a Military Autonomous Device Follow International Humanitarian Law?’, Asser Research Paper 2023-01 (SSRN), in: Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence and Applications, Ebook Vol. 362 (2022).

2022 Research Papers

• Bo, M. 
  ‘Are programmers in or ‘out of’ control? The individual criminal responsibility of programmers of autonomous weapons and self-driving cars’, Asser Research Paper 2022-08 (SSRN), July 2022, forthcoming in: Gless, S. & Whalen-Bridge, H. (eds.), Human-Robot Interaction in Law and its Narratives: Legal Blame, Criminal Law, and Procedure, Cambridge (UK), Cambridge University Press.
• Boutin, B. 
  ‘State Responsibility in Relation to Military Applications of Artificial Intelligence’, Asser Research Paper 2022-09 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Leiden Journal of International Law, Cambridge (UK), Cambridge University Press (2022).
• Boutin, B. & Woodcock, T. 
  ‘Aspects of Realizing (Meaningful) Human Control: A Legal Perspective’, Asser Research Paper 2022-07 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Geiß, R. and Lahmann, H. (eds.), Research Handbook on Warfare and Artificial Intelligence, Cheltenham (UK): Edward Elgar Publishing.
• Duval, A.
  ‘From Global City to Olympic City: The Transnational Legal Journey of London 2012’, Asser Research Paper 2022-01 (SSRN), in: Aust, H.P. & Nijman, J.E. (eds.), Research Handbook on International Law and Cities, Cheltenham (UK): Edward Elgar Publishing (2021). 
• Duval, A.
  ‘How Qatar’s Migrant Workers Became FIFA’s Problem: A Transnational Struggle for Responsibility’, Asser Research Paper 2022-02 (SSRN), Transnational Legal Theory, Taylor & Francis online (2022).
• Gordon, G.
  ‘The Time of Contingency in International Law’, Asser Research Paper 2022-03 (SSRN), in: Venzke, I. & Heller, K.J (eds.), Contingency in International Law, Oxford: OUP (2021).
• Gordon, G.
  ‘Universalism’, Asser Research Paper 2022-04 (SSRN), in: d’Aspremont, J. & Singh, S. (eds.), Concepts for International Law, Cheltenham (UK): Edward Elgar Publishing (2019).
• Kerr, V. & Sexton, J.P.
  'Human Rights and Security: Unpacking the Elusive Nature of Magnitsky Sanctions’, Asser Research Paper 2022-11 (SSRN), European Society of International Law Paper Series, Florence (Italy), European University Institute (2022)
  
• Kwik, J., Zurek, T. & van Engers, T.
  ‘Designing International Humanitarian Law into Military Autonomous Devices’, Asser Research Paper 2022-06 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence series, Springer Verlag.
• Nijman, J.E.
  ‘Bertha von Suttner: Locating International Law in Novel and Salon’,  Asser Research Paper 2022-05 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Tallgren, I. (ed.), Portraits of Women in International Law: New Names and Forgotten Faces?, Oxford (UK): Oxford University Press, (2022).
• Zurek, T. and Wyner, A
  ‘Towards a Formal Framework for Motivated Argumentation and the Roots of Conflict’, Asser Research Paper 2022-10 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Computational Models of Natural Argument 2022, CEUR Workshop Proceedings, Vol-3205 (2022)

2021 Research Papers

• Ark, R. van (née Grozdanova)
  ‘Family Courts as Part of States’ Counter-Terrorism Toolkit: A Welcome Development for the Children of FTFs?’, Asser Research Paper 2021-05 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Capone, F., Mignot-Mahdavi, R. and Paulussen, C. (eds.), Returning Foreign Fighters, The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press (2021). 
• Bhuta, N. & Mignot-Mahdavi, R.
  ‘Dangerous Proportions: Means and Ends in Non-Finite War’, Asser Research Paper 2021-01 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Bhuta, N., Hoffman, F., Knuckey, S., Megret, F. & Satterthwaite, M. (eds.), The Struggle for Human Rights: Essays in Honour of Philip Alston, Oxford University Press (2021).
• Idriz, N. & Fink, M.
  ‘Effective Judicial Protection in the external dimension of the EU’s Migration and Asylum Policies’, Asser Research Paper 2021-04 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Kassoti, E. & Idriz, N. (eds.), The Informalisation of the EU’s External Action in the Field of Migration and Asylum, The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press (2021).
• Kassoti, E. & Carrozzini, A.
  ‘One Instrument in Search of an Author: Revisiting the Authorship and Legal Nature of the EU-Turkey Statement’, Asser Research Paper 2021-03 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Kassoti, E. & Idriz, N. (eds.), The Informalisation of the EU’s External Action in the Field of Migration and Asylum, The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press (2021).
• Klonowska, K.
  ‘Article 36: Review of AI decision-support systems and other emerging technologies of warfare’, Asser Research Paper 2021-02 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Yearbook of International Humanitarian Law (YIHL), Volume 23 (2020), The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press (2021).
• Paulussen, C. & Mehra, T.
  ‘Evidentiary and charging matters in the context of prosecuting returning foreign fighters before national courts’, Asser Research Paper 2021-06 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Capone, F., Paulussen, C. and Mignot-Mahdavi, R. (eds.), Returning Foreign Fighters: Responses, Challenges and Ways Forward, The Hague: T.M.C. Asser Press (2021).
• Soltanzadeh, S. & Mooney, M.
  ‘Autonomy in the Context of Decision-Making Dilemmas’, Asser Research Paper 2021-07 (SSRN), forthcoming in: Do Desporto/On Sports: theoria vs praxis/theory vs praxis, Coimbra (Portugal): IEF (Instituto de Estudos Filosóficos) and Fundação do desporto (2021).

2020 Research Papers

• Ark, R. (née Grozdanova)
  'The War on Terror', Research Paper 2020-12
• Aust, H. & Nijman, J.E.
  ‘Planetary Boundaries Intra Muros: Cities and the Anthropocene’, Research Paper 2020-04.
• Bove, P. & Roithmaier, K. & Tobjasz, M. 
  ‘Year in Review 2018’, Research Paper 2020-02. 
• Brouwer, A-M de & Volder, E. de & Paulussen, P. 
  ‘Prosecuting the Nexus between Terrorism, Conflict-Related Sexual Violence and Trafficking in Human Beings Before National Legal Mechanisms: Case Studies of Boko Haram and Al-Shabaab’, Research Paper 2020-03.
• Duval, A.
  'Transnational Sports Law: The Living Lex Sportiva', Research Paper 2020-06.
• Duval, A.
  'Time to Go Public? The Need for Transparency at the Court of Arbitration for Sport', Research Paper 2020-07.  
• Duval, A.
  'Seamstress of Transnational Law: How the Court of Arbitration for Sport Weaves the Lex Sportiva', Research Paper 2020-08.
• Duval, A.
  'Offside? Challenging the Transnational Legality of Israeli Football Activities in the Occupied Palestinian Territories', Research Paper 2020-09.
• Idriz, N. 
  'Possible Model(s) for Post-Brexit EU-UK Relations in Light of Existing Constraints in EU Law', Research Paper 2020-10.
• Idriz, N. & Tobler, C. 
  '"Citizenship of the Association": The Examples of Turkey and Switzerland', Research Paper 2020-11.
• Mignot-Mahdavi, R.
  ‘PARTICIPATION AUX COMBATS DE NOUVEAUX ACTEURS (New Actors on the Battlefield)’, Research Paper 2020-01.
• Nedeski, N. & Boutin, B. 
  ‘The Continuing Saga of State Responsibility for the Conduct of Peacekeeping Forces: Recent Practice of Dutch and Belgian Courts’, Research Paper 2020-05.
• Nijman, J.E. 
  ‘Ius Gentium et Naturae: The Human Conscience and Early Modern International Law’, Research Paper 2020-14.
• Nijman, J.E. & Aust, H. 
  ‘The Emerging Roles of Cities in International Law - Introductory Remarks on Practice, Scholarship and the Handbook’, Research Paper 2020-13.